Advancing tourism research through multilevel methods: research problem and agenda

Tourism research often encounters social phenomena and research problems that involve multiple levels. However, most researchers assume that the phenomena exist in a single level and perform analyses that do not reflect the hierarchical nature of social dynamics. This article heeds the call from Current Issues in Tourism by illustrating multilevel methods and proposing an agenda for multilevel research. In particular, this article seeks to reconcile the limitations of single-level analysis and to delineate how multilevel methods could be applied in tourism research. It further seeks to advance tourism theories by introducing more complex multilevel design with broader applications in various tourism settings. This article presents two common tourism research scenarios, critiques their limitations, and proposes how multilevel methods could not only address these limitations, but also how they could advance tourism theories. An empirical study is offered to demonstrate multilevel design and analytical techniques.     

Willingness to Pay for Green Products in Air Travel: Ready for Take‐Off?

We examine the willingness to pay (WTP) for green products in air travel. Green products in aviation are supplementary services, which are sold on top of the travel service (e.g. carbon offsets, organic on‐board food). We identify a set of potential green products in aviation and report the preferences for additional airline services of 811 Swiss air travellers using an adaptive choice‐based conjoint survey. We find that 20% of those passengers who are interested in purchasing supplementary services show a considerable WTP for green products. The green segment differs from the regular segment only in terms of behavioural features, not in terms of demographic or socio‐economic characteristics. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment     

易逝性新兴技术产品的自噬效应及其对策

从高技术产品的更新期入手,通过梳理以往文献,定义了易逝性新兴技术产品的概念和特征。通过案例分析,总结了易逝性新兴技术产品中自噬效应的影响,并尝试建立一个统一框架帮助不同背景的企业解决在新兴技术产品更新过程中出现的自噬问题。     

Is Africa integrating? Evidence from product markets

This paper presents a price-based assessment of product market integration in Africa using disaggregated retail prices for 91 products and 12 African cities from 1991 to 2008. We find evidence of substantial deviations from the law of one price ? product price differences between the cities averaged 76% over the period – a result that is consistent with the presence of large barriers to trade in the continent. Mean price differences across cities fell by close to a quarter over the period, but the decline was concentrated in the early 1990s with little progress subsequently, despite the regional trade policies implemented by the countries. Gravity-style estimates reveal that reductions in external tariffs and global trends towards price convergence in the early 1990s are the key contributors to the trend in price integration amongst the African cities.     

如何进一步优化“哑铃式”生产工艺

煤炭科研院所转制后的企业大多采用"哑铃式"生产模式,即设计、组装(生产的两头)由自身控制,中间加工环节放在各外委厂家加工,以避免科研院所自身加工生产条件不足的缺陷,在转制起始阶段能迅速组织生产,形成较为快速的经济增长。但随着产品品种逐渐增多、产品生产数量日益增加,采用本模式的生产工艺逐步暴露出一定的缺陷,如:产品质量的不稳定、产品库存的积压、产品成本的增加等等一系列问题。因此本文将通过对多种新产生问题的分析,提出进一步优化"哑铃式"生产工艺的方法。     

Pointing Out Differences: Consumer Evaluations of Comparative Information Across Product Types

The purpose of this study is to investigate the impacts of comparative claims across search and experience product types. Data was obtained from 159 Taiwanese college students. Results reveal that comparative claims used in blogs (compared to those in print ads) produce lower counterarguments and consumers more easily accept claims made on a blog. Comparative claims lead to higher brand attitude and purchase intention for search products on the blog; however, noncomparative ads lead to higher brand attitude and purchase intention for experience products on the blog. For both search and experience products, there is no significant difference.     

产品设计专业中《设计图学》教学研究与实践

本文由艺术设计类中产品设计专业的设计图学现教学中存在的问题入手，探索该课程的体系结构、教学模式，着重阐述了谊门课程在教学改革中的思路、方法及具体措施。从激发学生学习兴趣、完善教学内容、改善教学方法及手段等方面进行改革，从而提高艺术设计类学生学习设计图学的积极性、主动性、创造性。为培养产品设计人才提供有效的途径。     

体验经济视域下西安浐灞生态区农业旅游产品开发研究

随着旅游业市场需求的不断转变,体验经济理论与旅游业的融合发展已经成为必然的趋势,也越来越受到国内外学者的重视。文章以西安浐灞生态区农业旅游产品为研究对象,从体验经济视角出发,分析了浐灞生态区农业旅游产品发展现状;揭示了其存在的农业产业规模小,农业产业化水平低、农产品总量不足,农业旅游产品吸引力不足、市场开发能力不强,景区基础设施建设简陋、综合服务能力不强,开发缺乏前期规划、没有与体验经济很好地融合等问题;最后,遵循因地制宜、突出特色,市场向导、注重营销,循序渐进、逐步开发,创新技术、注重管理,经济-社会-生态协调可持续发展等原则,探索了浐灞生态区农业旅游产品的开发模式,如重大有益事件带动模式、特定功能带动模式、交通带动模式、产业带动模式、优惠政策带动模式、居住带动模式等。     

基于TMMS的骑马订书机关键技术成熟度研究

产品技术成熟度预测是把产品作为一个技术系统进行研究，通过对当前产品技术的评价，预测当前产品所处技术生命周期，可以帮助生产者有的放矢地提高自己的技术水平，寻找创新点。本文应用基于专利分析的产品技术成熟度预测软件TMMS对骑马订书机及其关键技术的成熟度进行预测，并对预测结果进行分析，为企业制定战略决策、进行技术贸易提供了重要的参考指标。     

管理主要价值创造过程 追求卓越绩效品质

结合企业实际,论述了组织在卓越绩效模式管理实施过程中,如何识别主要价值创造过程——市场营销、产品设计和生产制造三大过程,着重阐明了三大过程的创新管理,提出了今后的改进工作。